Disintegrator.



N0.7s9,227. 'PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903,

- J. M. SGHUTZ.

DISINTEGRATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1900.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Ha. I

FIG. 5.

lV/TNESSES INVENTOR.

m: norms PKTKRS co. PHOTO-UYHO.. wnsl-qmnrou. 04 Cl JOSEPH M .S'cHL/Tz,5r WVVDRNEYJ,

N0. 739,227. PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903.

- J. M. SCHUTZ.

DISINTBGRATOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 10. 1900.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG-

UNITED STATES Patented September 15,1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH M. SCHUTZ, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO SOHUT' ONEILLCOMPANY, OF MINNESOTA.

MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION OF DISINTEGRATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 739,227, datedSeptember 15, 1903. Application filed May 10, 1900. Serial No. 16.114.(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,.I osEPH M. Scriurz, of

the city of Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, State of Minnesota, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Disintegrators, of whichthe following is a'specification.

This invention relatesto disintegrating or grinding machinery; and theobject of my invention is to provide adisintegrator or grind ing-machinethat may be used in the pulverization of almost any material and whichwill also possess the qualities of a grader or sparating-machine.

A particular objectof my invention is to provide a disintegrator of anextremely simple and cheap construction and comprising parts that may bechanged or repaired with the greatest ease and lowest possible expense.

A further and particular end in view in my invention demands theprovision of a machine which will rarely clog regardless of the natureof the materialthat is being worked and stood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective View ofadisintegrator embodying my invention, the same being shown inconnection with a novel means, of collecting the products. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal vertical section of the disintegrator. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section on the line a; m of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is aperspective detail of thegrinding-shell and parts of the beater. Fig; 5is a detail of one of the beaterheads; l V 7 As shown in the drawings,my machine comshell 6. cular at the top, while its sides 5 extend intoward the back plate.

. set upon their corners. w

The parts having this appearance prises two main partsthe disintegrator,in which the material is pulverized and wherein air is used in theprocess of grading or separating, and the collector, wherein the productof the disintegrator is deposited and the air-pressure is relieved. Iwill first describe the disintegrator. This comprises the heavy base 2,having the bearings 3 3 for the beater-shaft 4, the beater upon the endof said shaft, and the casing or housing 5, surrounding the beater andcontaining the grinding- The casing or housing 5 is semicirstraightlines to the surface on which the machine rests. Both the back and thefront of the casing or housing extend to the base' plane, and the backis perforated only to receive the end of the shaft 4. The front ofthecasing is provided with a large central' 1 opening, and this is closedand the casing completed by'the face-plate or disk 7, that contains thespout-like hopper 8. The spout :or hopper, of which the face-plate 7forms a part, tends to throw and hold the material The face-plate 7 isprovided with a shoulder 9 to receive the grinding-shell 6. This shellis of considerably less diameter than the internal diameter of thecasing 5, so that an annular space 10 remains within the casing all theWay around the cylindrical shell 6, said space opening into the enlargedspace 11, a part thereof, in the bottom of the casing or housing. Thegrinding-ring 6 is held in place by the face-plate 7, whichlatter issecured by two pins 13, passing through lugs 14 on the exterior of thecasing and secured by wedgepins 15. As the face-plate is drawn intoplace the ring is firmly held between the face plate 7 and an annularrib or face .16, that is turned up on the inside of the back of thehousing; This rib is the only finished part upon the back of thehousing, and the only other parts of the housing that are finished arethe edges of the opening that receives the 5 face-plate and thatpartjust around the shaft in the back. The grinding-ring 6 appears to bemade up of a series of short square rods This, however, is not the case.

IOC

- Very rapidly.

are preferably substantially rectangular bar project-ions 17, extendingfrom a solid part of the ring 18, which part is out down to the middleof the rectangular portions, so that even the solid portion of the ringpresents a series of sharp-cornered corrugations, which are continued inthe projections, between which there are longitudinal slots throughwhich the fine material may escape into the space 10 around the ring.This ring 6 I always prefer to make in a single casting, and breakagethereof is extremely unlikely, be-

cause of the manner of holding the ring in the face-plate and betweenthe same and the back of the casing. The beaters occupy almost all ofthe space within the shell 6 when the heaters are in motion, and it willbe noted that the heaters first strike the mate rial that enters throughthe hopper and While the material is upon the solid part of the ring 6.The material is thus crushed quite perfectly before it gets over ontothe more slender parts of the shell or grinding-ring and contains nolumps or pieces that would be apt to cause breakage of the fingers orprojections making up the slotted portion of the grinding-ring. Theb'eaters rotate at a very high speed and set up centrifugal action bothin the material and the air that enters at the hopper, alsorotating'the'whole body of air The fine material and the coarse materialwhirl with the heaters and the air, and the coarse particles bound uponthe inclined faces of the ring and are thus kept within the same, whilethe lighter particles have their force and weight overcome by the volumeof air which presses out through theslots of the ring and thence downinto the collector-box. It is because only the lighter particles areinfluenced by the aircurrents that I am enabled to make slots betweenthe fingers of the ring that are very large in proportion to thematerial that passes through them, and these slots being large will notreadily clog. The heater is made up of a series of arms projecting fromthe shaft and having large heads that revolve close to thegrinding-surface. These arms 20 are short steel bars swinging from orpivoted upon the shaft-head. This structure comprises a series ofcollars 21, arranged on the end of the shaft and carrying a number oflongitudinal pins 22, the collars and said pins being held by a lock-nut23, the thread of which turns oppositely to the direction of rotation ofthe shaft 4. There are grooves between the collars to receive the endsof the arms 20, and said arms are pivoted upon the pins 22. Anydesirednumberof arms may be employed around each collar so long as all of themtogether constitute a perfectly-balanced head or heater upon the shaft.On the question of balancing the beater it may be observed that all ofthese parts are machinefinished and that the arms 20 may be made andweighed, so that they will be exactly alike l to the ounce, greatlyfacilitating the interchangeability of parts. It is obvious that thearms will be projected radially from the shaft by centrifugal force assaid shaft rotates. The arms are comparatively light, and the necessaryweight and the finish for the ends thereof are supplied by theinterchangeable beater heads or hammers 24. These are preferably in theform of truncated pyramids. They are of such shape and size that theymay be made exactly alike by familiar processes of casting or forging.Each hasasquare hole 25, flaring at the outer end, as shown at 26, Figs.2 and 5, and these heads are slipped onto the arms 20 before the armsare fastened by the pins 21. The ends of the arms 20 are upset (see 2727) to hold the heads or hammers 24, and said heads are projected out bycentrifugal force when the shaft rotates. The heads may be and usuallyare quite loose upon the arms, and when all have been worn upon onecorner the arms may be either taken out of the shaft and turned aroundor the heads may be turned around on the arms so as to present theirsharp corners to the grinding-surface and the material when the machineis next used. These machines are often employed where different kinds ofmaterial are ground from day to day, and it is sometimes desirable tofurnish heads that have but one sharp corner, the other being blunted orbeveled to crush rather than break material of certain kinds. Further,the blunt hammers have a tendency to crowd coarser material between thefingers or projections of the grinding-ring, and by using the same acoarser granulation may be secured with the machine without changingfrom a fine shell to a coarser one-that is, one having fewer fingers orprojections and larger slots or smaller fingers. If the operator wishesto change the shell, he may do so very easily upon simply taking oflfthe faceplate and without disturbing any other part of the machine. Thebeater-shaft operates at a very high speed, and hence I prefor to usetwo large bearings 3 3 with the driving-pulley 27 between them,and,furthermore, these bearings are made self-oiling by means of theendless chains 28, that hang down into the oil-chamber 29, that isformed within the base 2. The oil-chamber is preferably common to bothbearings and has but one fillingpipe 30. As the fine product of the millor disintegrator is discharged into the space 10 in the casing it ispractically in suspension in the rapidly-moving currents of air whichare driven down through the opening 11 through a hole 31 in the top ofthe collector box or bin 32. The fine material settles in this box,while the air escapes through a large area of fine cloth that isstretched upon the zigzag frames 33, which are placed over a hole in thetop of the box 32. When enough material has been ground,the clothcollector is cleaned by knocking upon it and is then removed to be morethoroughly cleaned before it is again IIC used upon a differentmaterial, which often occurs in the preparation of drugs. The end 34 ofthe box is removed and the material taken out. 7

The advantages of my machine are its great capacity, its light weightconsidered in view of capacity, its cheapness both in original cost andin alterations or repairs, the small power required to operate themachine and the fact that the machine is practically unbreakable, owingto-the construction and arrangement of the grinding-ring and thepivota],and hence yielding, connections of the beater-arms to the shaft.

Having thus described my invention, '1 claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent-e 1. In a machine of the class described, thecombination of the casing provided with an annular opening,with thefaceplate arranged in said opening and provided with a shoulder 9 ofless diameter than said opening, a spout provided in said face-plate forthe admission of air and .the material to beground,the grinding-ring 6situated in said shoulder 9 and extending to the opposite wall of the.casing; the portion of said ring within the shoulder 9 being aninternally-corrugated ring and the portion of the ring lying between thefaceplateand said rear wall being composed of regu--larly-spaced-fingers, the openings between which lead into said casing,said casing having a suitable opening for the discharge of air andground material and a suitable beater revoluble within saidgrinding-ring, substantially as described. 7

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination ofthe casingprovided with a chamber or space 10 11, with the grindingring ofsubstantially the same diameterthroughout provided in said casing and ofgreater width than said space 10 11 and extending across the same, theport-ion of said ring extending across said space being composed ofregularly-spaced fingers l7 ,the open-' ings between which communicatewith said space, the remainder of said ring being internally corrugated,the rotary beater of subground is discharged upon the solid corrugatedportion of said ring, substantially as arid for the purpose specified.

3. In a machine of the class V combination with the casing containing agrinding-ring of less diameter than the casing, said casin g having aspace or chamber 10 11 surrounding said ring, the'rotary beatercomprising the shaft 4, the collars 21 keyed upon said shaft, the pins22 extending through all said collars, the beater-arms secured upon saidpins between said collars and the locking-nut 23 secu ring said pins andcollars, substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the casingcontaining the described, the.

chamberiO 11 substantially semicircularat the top and straight at theloottom'and pro vid ed at the bottom with a discharg e-open'ing,

situated in said shoulder-9 and havingregu larly-spaced fingersprojecting across saidchamber 10 11 and the rotary beater providedwithin said casing and ring and of substantially the width of said ring,as and for the purpose specified.

5. vIn a machine of the class described, the

combination of the casing 5, 5 with the faceplate filling an annularopening in the side of said casing and provided with a shoulder 9 ofless diameter than said opening, means for securing said face-plate tothe casing, a

suitable spent in said face-plate, the grinding-ring situated in saidshoulder 9 in the face-plate and held between the same and the rear wallof said casing, said ring being composed of a solid corrugated portionlying within said face-plate and being completedby regularly-spacedrectangular fingers having discharge-slots between them, the shaft 4extending into said casing and the rotary beater provided upon saidshaft and having,

parts operating within the solid portion of said ring, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a machine of the class described, the base 2 and the bearings 3, 3thereon, the vertical casing provided upon the end of said base andcontaining the chamber or space 10 11, in combination with the shaft 4:arranged in said bearings and extending into said casing, the heatersprovided upon "said v shaft within said casing, the face-plate pro--vided in the forward side or wall of said casing and containing anannular shoulder of less diameter than said casing, the grinding- .ringseated in said shoulder, held between said face-plate and therear wallof said casing and composed of regularly-spaced fingers 17 connected bya web or-ring portion coex tensive with said shoulder 9, and saidfaceplate having a suitable feed opening or spout, substantially asdescribed.

7. A new article of manufacture comprisingthe grinding-ring consistingofv the solid ring 6 havinginternal corrugations and theregularly-spaced fingers 17 of rectangular cross-section andconstituting continu'ations of the internal corrugations of said ring,substantially as described.

8. Anew article of manufacture, comprisin g the grinding-ring described,consisting of the solid ring portion 6 having internal longitudinalcorrugations and the longitudinallyarranged regularly-spaced fingers 17forming a perforated ring portion, said solid and perforated portionbeing of substantiallythe same diameter; substantially as described.

9. In amachine of the class described, the

casing proper provided with a large opening in one side, thebeater-shaft entering through the other side of the casing, theface-plate In testimony whereof I have hereunto set provided with afeed-spout, closing the openmy hand this 5th day of May, 1900, at Mini 0ing in said casing and concealing the end of neapolis, Minnesota.

said shaft, the perforated grinding-ring pro- 7 7 r vided in saidface-p1ate and extending across JOSEPH SCHUTA' the casing, and asuit-able beat-er provided on In presence ofthe end of the shaft withinthe casing; sub- 0. G. HAWLEY,

stantially as described. I M. E. GOOLEY.

